The states of gujarat and rajasthan are the worst affected. Recently, in 2015, an outbreak of swine flu h1n1 virus had been reported. Though injectable vaccines influvac, agrippal, vaxigrip, vaxiflus and fluarix against swine flu are available, the government has ruled out universal vaccination for now and has recommended that it be used only for people who are actively treating the swine. Most commonly, these cases occur in people with direct exposure to pigs e.
The spanish flu is regarded as the biggest in history, the number of victims was estimated on 50 million 8. It is the same disease for different animal species as well as for man. Normally, it only infects people who have been in close contact with pigs. Its called swine flu because in the past, the people who caught it had direct contact with pigs. The best means of dealing with swine flu is to prevent it. While swine flu viruses normally do not infect humans, occasional infections of humans do occur. Swineswine influenza h1n1 and h3n2v virus it spreads as a seasonal flu. Author guide figure creation table creation equation creation reference. It is respiratory illness of pigs caused by infection with swine influenza a virus.
In most cases the manifestations of the disease is similar to usual flu infection. In the epizootic form, the virus quickly moves through all phases of a swine. The disease in swine occurs within a herd either as an epizootic or enzootic form. At present, there is no evidence of spread of infection by. Spanish flu 1918, the asian flu 1957 and hong kong flu 1968 7.
Swine flu swine flu is a respiratory disease caused through influenza viruses that infect the respiratory tract of pigs and result in a barking cough, decreased appetite, nasal secretions, and listless behavior. In 2009 the media labeled as swine flu the flu caused by 2009s new strain of swine origin ah1n1 pandemic virus just as it had earlier dubbed as avian flu flu caused by the recent asian linage hpai high pathogenic avian influenza h5n1 strain that is still endemic in many. This type of influenza virus can also infect humans and birds. A respiratory illness of pigs caused by infection with swine influenza a virus siv. Pdf, head of the flu vaccine section of the respected cochrane collaboration, when doctors determine that a patients symptoms are consistent with flu, they are. The study was conducted between january 2014 and march 2015 at the. Injection and nasal spray vaccinations are available to prevent swine flu. Swine influenza virus is a virus that is common in pigs. The swine flu outbreak was reported in 2009 and according to statistics, nearly 575,400 people have died from swine flu worldwide. The swine flu vaccine, public attitudes, and researcher. But, h1n1 virus is a new swine flu virus and it contains the genetic material of swine, bird and human influenza virus. In a number of instances, people have developed the swine flu infection when they are closely associated with pigs for example, farmers, and pork processors. Human cases of swine influenza a virus infection occur in individuals who have had a history of recent direct contact with pigs or close within 6 feet contact with pigs.
Swine flu viruses are easily transmissible among humans beings. The disease first came to attention in 1976 with an army recruits death from swine flu. Other actions you can take in case swine flu becomes more widespread. If the given system of differential equation in mathematical model.
Pdf swine flu, also called hog or pig flu, is an infection caused by any one of the several types of swine influenza virus siv which is. For those who have swine flu, the oral drug tamiflu is recommended. Swine influenza swine flu is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by type a influenza virus that regularly causes outbreaks of influenza in pigs. Pdf swine flu or the influenza a h1n1 flu, an highly contagious acute.
In recent years, all bacteria have been sequenced into biofilms so also see swine flu biofilms for 2014 2015. Interspecies transmission of reassortant swine influenza a virus containing genes from swine influenza ah1n1pdm09 and ah1n2 viruses. Structure of influenza viruses, connected with influenza. Like human influenza viruses, there are different subtypes and strains of swine influenza viruses. Alkhawaja and others published swine influenza a h1n1 23 apr 2009 swine influenza swine flu is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by swine flu viruses cause high levels of illness and low death rates in. Recommended composition of influenza virus vaccines for use in. The most common strains i have moved into the swine flu 2015 program.
For instance, one report of patients that had been hospitalised with the virus. Publicationsinfluenzaviruscharacterisationdecember2015. During march and april of that year, almost 2000 cases had been registered, with initial reports indicating severe illness among young and healthy people as well as high mortality rates 1, 2. Swine influenza is an infection caused by any one of several types of swine influenza viruses. Swine flu is the name for the influenza type a virus that affects pigs swine. Swine flu is contagious and is spread from persontoperson. Compared with the previous five influenza seasons, the 2014 2015 season was moderately severe, with overall high levels of outpatient illness, high levels of hospitalization and a relatively high percentage of deaths attributed to pneumonia and influenza. To overview the epidemiology of swine flu and its status in ethiopia. Airborne transmission may have played a role in the spread of 2015.
Swine flu, also known as the h1n1 virus is a type a influenza virus that originates in pigs and pass on to humans. Swine flu is caused by a specific strain of the h1n1 virus and the newest swine flu virus, h3n2v. Vaccination is the primary method for controlling pathogenic influenza viruses in swine, although this is not currently applicable to ivc or ivd. The unprecedented 2015 outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza hpai h5n2 in the u.
Swine influenza virus is sometimes called siv or swine flu. Modeling and analysis of the symptomatic and asymptomatic. Flu seasons can vary in their timing, severity, and duration from one season to another. The symptoms of swine flu in people are expected to be similar to the symptoms of regular human. Not only are children wellknown agents of infection when it comes to colds and flu, the.
Symptoms are fever, cough, sore throat, runny nose, body pains, headache, chills, and fatigue. In april 2009, the public was notified about the outbreak of a new influenza virus in mexico. Etiology influenza virus c ivc and influenza virus d ivd are enveloped rna viruses in the family. Swine flu is a type of influenza that originates in pigs. The swine flu causes many symptoms similar to regular influenza. An outbreak of ah1n1 was reported in early 2015 across india with a high. Early findings about the emerging pandemic of a new strain of influenza a h1n1 in mexico are published in the journal science. It is respiratory disease first seen in pigs, that caused by influenza virus that affects the respiratory zone of the animal causing it show symptoms such as nasal secre. Detection of pandemic strain of influenza virus ah1n1pdm09 in. It originated in pigs but is spread primarily from person. But the soldier at fort dix was a young man likely in very good physical condition, and more than half of the serious cases of the 2009. Swine flu is a highly contagious respiratory disease which spreads quickly from person to person.
The 2015 2016 flu season started a little later than the previous three flu seasons. The virus is contagious and can spread from human to human. Swine flu refers to swine influenza or the viral infection caused by any of the several types of swine influenza virus. An outbreak of a contagious disease that spreads rapidly and widely pandemic meaning. Widespread fear then led to an oftencriticized massinoculation. However, there is a fair amount of chance to recover from the flu. In the past decade, we heard about bird or swine influenza. Swine flu is also known as swine influenza, hog flu and pig flu. What the uk governments have done to prepare for a wider outbreak of flu. Only people who used to have direct contact with pigs were observed to get swine flu in the past. Swine flu is a respiratory disease caused by viruses that infect the respiratory tract of pigs. Influenza surveillance in swine procedures manual 124.
This study investigated the presence of the 2009 pandemic influenza ah1n1 virus. By midfebruary 2015, the reported cases and deaths in 2015. Each patient visiting either the swine flu opd or the swine flu ward, who was. Historical annual reformulations of the influenza vaccine wikipedia. Swine flu in humans centers for disease control and. Diagnosis can be made by testing a swab of mucus from the nose or throat. S hegde medical academy during the year 2015, using. With swine flu claiming so many lives across the nation it is little tricky to give a straight answer to such a simple question. Swine flu, also known as the h1n1 virus, is a relatively new strain of an influenza virus that causes symptoms similar to the regular flu. Humantohuman transmission occurs by inhalation of large infectious droplets and droplet nuclei as well as by direct contact with secretions or aerosols. However, the disease has also spread from one person to another.
There are many strains of the virus that only infect pigs. Swine flu data very consistent with early stages of a. In june 2009, the world health organization who issued a pandemic alert concerning the. During the initial months of 2015, an unusual increase in influenza. Swine influenza simple english wikipedia, the free. Swine influenza, or swine flu, is a highly contagious acute respiratory disease of pigs, caused by one of several swine influenza a viruses. Some people with swine flu also have reported runny nose, sore throat, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. Although swine flu doesnt typically affect humans, there was a global outbreak in 2009 to 2010the first flu pandemic in more than 40 years. Swine flu spread very rapidly worldwide due to its high humantohuman transmission rate and due to the frequency of air travel.
Swine influenza aetiology epidemiology diagnosis prevention and control references swine influenza is a highly contagious viral infection of pigs. The h1n1 influenza pandemic of 20092010 the johns hopkins. Review on swine flu and status of swine flu in ethiopia. We tend to think of flu resulting in the deaths of the very old and the very young, and the pandemics did affect those age groups. What you can do to protect yourself and others against flu. It was caused by a thennew flu virus known as h1n1, an influenza virus thats a combination of swine, avian bird, and human genes that mixed together in pigs and spread. See frequently asked flu questions 20172018 influenza season for flu and flu vaccine information specific to the current flu season. New research details spread of swine flu virus july august 2011 volume 10, issue 4 full julyaugust 2011 global health matters newsletter pdf 5. Transmission of soiv is thought to occur in the same way as seasonal flu.
Swine influenza virus siv or swine origin influenza virus soiv is any strain of the influenza family of viruses that is endemic in pigs. Subsequent cases of swine flu were reported in india in 2015, with over 31,156 positive test cases and 1,841 deaths up to march 2015. Swine influenza is also called pig influenza or swine flu, hog flu and pig flu, is an infection caused by any one of several types of swine influenza viruses. New research details spread of swine flu virus fogarty. Swine flu is caused by a variant strain of the influenza virus. India had reported 937 cases and 218 deaths from swine flu in the year 2014. However, there are sometimes strains from previous years so i am including here swine flu programs from 2010 2015. The virus is spread among pigs by aerosols and direct and indirect contact, and. Swine influenza is also referred to as h1n1 type a influenza. Swine flu is a respiratory illness caused by influenza viruses that infect the respiratory tract of pigs. In the 21st century, two epidemics with pandemic potential avian and swine flu were recorded 9, 10.
Swine flu symptoms resemble to symptoms observed in common cold and flu. A study on awareness, attitude and myths regarding swine flu. Lots of people with swine flu experienced diarrhea and fever or vomiting. The 2015 outbreak of severe influenza in kashmir, north india. Influenza viruses that commonly circulate in swine are called swine influenza viruses or swine flu viruses. Diagnostic tests for swine flu including blood tests, urine tests, swabs, diagnostic tests, lab tests, and pathology testing. Optimal use of vaccines for control of influenza a virus in swine. Kids have lived with the specter of swine flu throughout their time off at summer camps and swimming pools, but its the return to school that has some public health officials worried. By midfebruary 2015, the reported cases and deaths in 2015 had surpassed the previous numbers. Since 1999, the world health organization who has issued annual recommendations for influenza vaccine formulations. Swine flu is also known as h1n1, h1n2, h2n1 and h3n1 epidemics of swine flu were in.
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